Disappearing Spoon Chapters 18 and 19:

Chapter 18 begins with talking about standards bureau, which is a science of measuring absolutely everything! Most countries have standard bureau. Then it talks about individual measurements. Then it talked about kilogram and the relationship between the measurement in general and what it effects. The kilogram is the last base unit bound to human strictures. Then it talked about more measurements, their standards, and what if effects. Then it talked about a K20 with flew to Paris and how the kilograms affect it. Then it began to talk about how the goal for every unit is to be able to email the definition to a colleague on another continent and for that colleague to be able to reproduce something with exact dimensions, according to England's bureau of national standards checklist. The problem with the kilogram is it continually shrinks or expands and that causes international worry and embarrassment. Then it talked about "leap second" and atomic clocks, and how this is not a good solution. In the 1960s, scientists adopted the cesium standard as the worlds official measurement of time. Then it continued with different types of measurements, and concluded with the idea about earth and space, and how we came to be as well as if we have any place in intruding space and the life that may or may not exist! Chapter 19 began with talking about the periodic table and Francium, along with the hope that "island of stability" is perhaps the answer to extending the table beyond its current limitations. Then it talked about the most common, 90% of particles in the universe being hydrogen, and the other 10% being helium, and the scarcest being astatine. Due to the immense difficulty it is to find astatine, the founding of it was a bit of cheating. Some radioactive elements may turn into astatine after going through alpha or beta decay. Then it began talking about the comparison between astatine and francium. When you get the nuclei the size of astatine and francium, the limited reach really catches up with the strong force and has difficulty binding all the protons and neutrons together. Then it talked about Goeppert-Mayer and developing the theory about long lived "magic" elements; atoms with two, eight, twenty, twenty eight, ect., protons or neutrons that were very stable! Then it went on about that magic elements, and stability in general. Then it began to talk about Einstein and how he spent his career trying to unify quantum mechanics and relativity into coherent and svelte "theory of everything", he semi failed however. Sometimes, when the two theories mesh, they greatly compliment each other. However, the speed of light, and relativity don't really fit well overall. Then it moved into the properties on the periodic table in general. Then it talked about how the periodic table is graphed into musical staffs and William Crookes who designed two fittingly fanciful periodic tables. Then it talked about both those tables, and concluded with how to read the table on all different levels, maybe they'll see something new, and that all human beings have managed to pack the periodic table of elements and the real admirations that coincide. Time to celebrate!!!!! Finalllyyyyyyyy done with this boring/sometimes interesting book!!!!!! Hope everyone had a good weekend.

 

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